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El Territorio de la Capital Australiana ha dado un paso legislativo innovador al aprobar una ley que revoca directamente una decisión del Tribunal Superior, permitiendo a los sobrevivientes de abuso responsabilizar a las instituciones por delitos históricos cometidos por sus empleados. La nueva legislación aborda una barrera legal que anteriormente protegía a las organizaciones de la responsabilidad cuando los abusadores actuaban fuera de sus funciones oficiales. Sobrevivientes y defensores presenciaron este momento histórico mientras el parlamento del ACT se movía para cerrar lo que muchos consideraban una brecha significativa en la justicia para las víctimas de abuso institucional. La decisión plantea interrogantes sobre si otros estados australianos, particularmente Nueva Gales del Sur, seguirán el ejemplo con reformas similares para apoyar a los sobrevivientes que buscan reparación.

La acción legislativa del ACT se dirige específicamente a un fallo del Tribunal Superior que había dificultado que los sobrevivientes presentaran demandas civiles contra las instituciones donde ocurrió el abuso, según [1]. La decisión judicial anterior creó lo que los defensores llamaron la "defensa Bird", que permitía a las organizaciones evitar la responsabilidad argumentando que los empleados abusivos actuaban fuera del ámbito de su empleo. Esta interpretación legal dejó a muchos sobrevivientes sin recursos, incluso cuando las instituciones habían fallado en su deber de cuidado.

El nuevo proyecto de ley del ACT cambia fundamentalmente este panorama al establecer caminos más claros para la responsabilidad institucional en casos de abuso. Los sobrevivientes que habían estado siguiendo de cerca los desarrollos asistieron a la sesión parlamentaria, marcando lo que muchos describieron como un momento crucial en su larga búsqueda de justicia y rendición de cuentas. La legislación representa años de trabajo de defensa por parte de grupos de sobrevivientes que argumentaron que las instituciones deberían asumir la responsabilidad por crear entornos donde el abuso pudiera ocurrir y por no proteger a las personas vulnerables bajo su cuidado.

La acción decisiva del ACT ahora pone presión sobre otras jurisdicciones australianas, particularmente Nueva Gales del Sur, para considerar reformas legislativas similares. [1] informa que los defensores están cuestionando por qué NSW no ha tomado medidas comparables para apoyar a los sobrevivientes que buscan justicia. La disparidad entre territorios crea un panorama legal desigual en toda Australia, donde la capacidad de los sobrevivientes para responsabilizar a las instituciones depende significativamente de su ubicación geográfica en lugar de los méritos de sus casos.

Esta anulación legislativa de una decisión del Tribunal Superior demuestra el poder de los parlamentos territoriales para responder a las preocupaciones comunitarias sobre justicia y rendición de cuentas, incluso cuando se enfrentan a precedentes judiciales desfavorables. El enfoque del ACT puede servir como modelo para otras jurisdicciones que luchan por equilibrar los principios legales con las necesidades de los sobrevivientes de abuso que buscan reconocimiento y compensación por los agravios históricos cometidos dentro de entornos institucionales.

  1. ACT toma medidas para responsabilizar a las instituciones por abusadores. ¿Por qué no NSW?
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